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"The Godfather of Funk"
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
-- inducted 1997
Few performers have contributed as much to the innovation and
expansion of black music over the last thirty years as George Clinton.
In conjunction with his musical collectives Parliament and Funkadelic,
as a solo artist, or with a number of loosely-based offshoot outfits,
George Clinton set trends that still reverberate in pop music today. Artists
from Prince and the Red Hot Chili
Peppers to rappers like Public Enemy
and Dr. Dre have at one time or another looped, sampled, or paid homage
to this pioneer of funk.
Born in 1940, George Clinton began singing as a teenager in Plainfield, New
Jersey, (where he did double time as a barber), with a doo-wop vocal
group called the Parliaments. The group had been performing for more
than a decade when, in 1967, it scored an unexpected hit with "(I Just
Wanna) Testify." But due to a contract squabble, the band temporarily
lost the rights to its name. Clinton then moved to Detroit seeking to
establish a new musical identity, working for a time as a house writer
for Motown.
As the sixties came to a close, George Clinton became enamored with protest
music and Detroit acid-rock bands like the MC5, the Stooges, and
Alice Cooper. He also saw in Jimi Hendrix and Sly Stone black musicians who
had successfully reached white audiences without resorting to what he
believed was the over-polished style of Motown's successful artists.
His
goal was a new hybrid that would combine the harder edges of classic
R&B, the improvisational leanings of hard rock, and the showmanship of
performers like James Brown (whose former bass player
Bootsy Collins
joined up with Clinton in 1972). With that concept in mind, Funkadelic
was born. The collective absorbed those influences and spewed them out
with a more politicized, overtly soulful sound, best reflected on albums
like their self-titled debut, "Funkadelic" (1970), and "Maggot Brain"
(1971). This new fusion of psychedelic guitar distortion, bizarre sound
effects, and cosmological rants with danceable beats and booming bass
lines became the definition of funk.
In 1974, George Clinton regained the rights to his group's original name,
shortened it to Parliament, and turned his funk collective into a
two-headed beast. Funkadelic put the emphasis on guitar, and its songs
often included extended solos and long instrumental passages. The group
was still signed to the Detroit-based Westbound label (switching to
Warner Bros. in 1976). Parliament inked a deal with high-profile
Casablanca Records, and its songs were generally shorter vocal showcases
(all five original Parliaments sang in the reborn group), with a focus
on bass and keyboards augmented by horns. In time, further splinter
groups spun out from the Clinton camp, including Brides of Funkenstein,
Parlet, and Bootsy's Rubber Band.
Between 1975 and 1978, the Parliament/Funkadelic collective toured
extensively and released close to ten albums between them. Parliament's
finest hour was "Mothership Connection" (1976), which featured clever
send-ups of James Brown and Sly Stone, as well as funk's all-time
anthem, "Tear the Roof Off the Sucker (Give Up the Funk)."
Funkadelic's
best came with "One Nation Under a Groove" (1978), an irresistible and
spiritual concept album. Onstage, spectacle ruled the day, with an
enormous spaceship set, outrageous costumes, and marathon performances.
Of course, George Clinton didn't do it alone: while the lineups changed
constantly over the years, the level in musicianship in Parliament/Funkadelic
was always superb. Such masters as keyboardist Bernie Worrell, guitarist
Eddie Hazel, saxophonist Maceo Parker, trombonist Fred Wesley, and
bassist Bootsy Collins all served considerable tours of duty, and
influenced legions of musicians after them. Worrell's synthesized bass
line, first used on 1977's "Funkentelechy vs. the Placebo Syndrome," is
still being imitated today, and it goes without saying that without
Bootsy, there would be no Flea.
Yet as his bands' sounds folded into the mainstream,
George Clinton became
involved in more problematic entanglements. There were financial
problems, disgruntled bandmates, and personal struggles with drug use.
The final Parliament and Funkadelic albums ("Trombipulation" and
"The
Electric Spanking of War Babies," respectively) were released in 1981.
George Clinton re-emerged in late 1982 as a solo artist and released
"Computer
Games," an album which spawned the hit single "Atomic Dog."
In 1983, George Clinton began a sabbatical from live performance, during
which time he witnessed rap and hip-hop making full use of his material
through samples and stylistic nicks while he struggled as a solo
performer. He signed to Prince's Paisley Park label in 1989, and
released "The Cinderella Theory." Since that time, P-Funk has been
rejuvenated with CD reissues of the Parliament and Funkadelic back
catalogs (the original LPs had been out of print for several years) and
the reborn road show, now dubbed George Clinton and the P-Funk
All-Stars. The 1993 album "Hey Man, Smell My Finger" (with special guests
Ice
Cube and the Red Hot Chili
Peppers) helped land
George Clinton a place on
the Lollapalooza tour the following summer, exposing his funk jamboree
to a brand new group of converts. In the summer of 1996, Clinton
released his solo album, "The Awesome Power of a Fully
Operational Mothership" (TAPOAFOM for short), which reunited him with
Bernie Worrell and Bootsy Collins.
At the dawn of the new millennium, the
Parliament/Funkadelic juggernaut has shown no signs of slowing
down, remaining active on the recording and touring fronts. The line-up
includes both original band members, such as guitarist Gary Shider,
guitarist Dewayne "Blackbyrd" McKnight, guitarist Mike Hampton, and
bassists William "Billy Bass" Nelson and Cardell "Boogie" Mosson, along
with fresh new voices with sometimes as many as 30 people appearing on
stage at once. In the summer of 2002, George Clinton &
Parliament/ Funkadelic completed an ambitious world tour of the
United States, Europe, Australia and Japan.
Notable songs include --
- Bop Gun (One Nation)
- Do Fries Go With That Shake?
- Hey, Good Lookin'
- If Anybody Gets Funked up (It's Gonna Be You)
- Atomic Dog
- Loopzilla
- Computer Games
- Knee Deep
- Double Oh-Oh
- Bullet Proof
George Clinton may be available for your next special event!
For booking information, click
HERE!
Genre: ..R&B
Styles:
..Urban
..FunkYears active:
..70s, ..80s, ..90s
Born:
Jul 22, 1940
..in North Carolina
..in Kannapolis
Based:
..in Florida
..in Monticello
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